Study Explores Impact of Universal Adhesive Viscosity on Dentin Bond Strength

Japan: A recent study conducted by researchers at the Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry in Niigata, Japan, has delved into the influence of universal adhesive viscosity on the bond strength between resin composite and dentin prepared with Er:YAG laser. 

The findings, published in the Scientific Reports Journal under the title “Effect of viscosity of experimental universal adhesive on bond strength to dentin prepared with Er:YAG laser”, shed light on the crucial role of adhesive viscosity in dental treatments utilizing laser technology.

Er:YAG Laser as a Dental Caries Removal Tool

Traditionally, dental caries removal has relied on rotary cutting instruments. However, the emergence of the Er:YAG laser has offered an alternative approach, particularly suited for patients with dental anxiety or sensitivity to noise and vibrations. The Er:YAG laser boasts the advantage of providing a painless and quiet experience during tooth cutting, making it an attractive option, especially for pediatric dentistry.

Laser irradiation of dentin surfaces creates unique micro-morphological changes that can affect the bond strength of resin composite materials. While previous studies have produced conflicting results regarding the bond strength of resin composite to laser-irradiated dentin, many have reported lower bond strengths due to the disruption of adhesive monomer infiltration caused by heat-denatured layers generated during laser irradiation.

Impact of Viscosity on Bond Strength

To improve the bond strength of resin composite to laser-irradiated dentin, various treatment methods have been investigated. Universal adhesives (UAs) have garnered attention for their versatility and time-saving properties in dental treatments. In this study, researchers developed four experimental UAs with different viscosities by adding nanosilica to a resin matrix, aiming to assess the impact of viscosity on the bond strength.

The study revealed a significant correlation between the viscosity of experimental UAs and their bond strength to laser-cut dentin. Notably, UAs with lower viscosities exhibited higher bond strengths compared to higher viscosity variants. The researchers found that the adhesive monomer in the lower viscosity bonding agent infiltrated more effectively into the laser-affected dentin, resulting in improved bond strength.

Implications for Dental Practice

The study’s findings provide valuable insights for dental professionals seeking to optimize bonding in laser-assisted procedures. By considering the viscosity of universal adhesives, dentists can enhance the longevity and durability of resin composite restorations. Further research is warranted to explore additional factors influencing bond strength in laser-prepared dentin and to refine adhesive systems specifically designed for laser-assisted treatments.

Incorporating laser technology in dental care continues to expand treatment options and improve patient experiences. The study’s results contribute to the growing body of knowledge in this field, highlighting the significance of adhesive viscosity in achieving robust and reliable bonds between resin composites and laser-irradiated dentin.

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