Examining the Impact of Electronic Cigarettes on Peri-Implant Health

TURKEY: A recent systematic review and meta-analysis delves into the influence of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) usage on peri-implant health, focusing on clinical, radiographic, and immunologic parameters. Conducted by researchers from Ankara University, the study aims to elucidate the potential risks associated with e-cigarette use in dental implant procedures.

Methodology and Findings

Utilizing electronic databases such as MEDLINE, EMBASE, COCHRANE, and SCOPUS, the researchers conducted an extensive search spanning from 2017 to 2023. Seven studies met the inclusion criteria, enabling statistical analysis through the MedCalc program. The analysis revealed significant associations between e-cigarette use and increased probing depth, bone loss, and elevated levels of IL-1β, a key mediator of tissue inflammation around dental implants.

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The systematic review underscores the detrimental effects of e-cigarette use on peri-implant tissues, akin to traditional cigarette smoking. Notably, vaping contributes to heightened inflammatory responses and compromised healing processes post-implant treatment. These findings highlight the importance of considering e-cigarette use as a potential risk factor in assessing peri-implant health outcomes.

Insights from the Introduction

Dental implants, heralded for their high success rates, play a crucial role in restoring oral function and aesthetics. However, factors such as smoking history and oral hygiene significantly influence implant success. While traditional cigarettes have long been implicated in peri-implant complications, the impact of e-cigarettes remains a subject of debate due to limited longitudinal data.

E-cigarette aerosols induce oxidative stress, trigger inflammation, and alter cellular functions, posing threats to oral and periodontal health. Studies indicate a correlation between vaping and increased probing depths, attachment loss, and bone loss around dental implants. 

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Moreover, vaping individuals exhibit lower bleeding on probing, potentially masking underlying inflammation and misguiding perceptions of reduced harm compared to traditional smoking.

Conclusion and Call for Further Research

The systematic review underscores the need for heightened awareness of the adverse effects of e-cigarette use on peri-implant health. It emphasizes the importance of conducting robust clinical research to evaluate the impact of vaping on peri-implantitis outcomes. As e-cigarettes gain popularity, understanding their implications for dental implant therapy becomes imperative for ensuring optimal patient care and treatment outcomes.