Phau ntawv los txhim kho kev xyaum kho hniav cyber tiv thaiv

Kev kho hniav tau dhau los ua kev vam khom rau kev siv thev naus laus zis, thiab nrog qhov ntawd tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cyberattacks.

Thawj kauj ruam hauv kev tiv thaiv koj txoj kev kho hniav los ntawm cyberattacks yog nkag siab txog qhov txaus ntshai. Cov lus qhia no tau raug tsim los pab cov kev coj ua los txheeb xyuas cov kev pheej hmoo thiab tsim kom tsim nyog cyber security plan. Cyber ​​​​Cyber ​​​​Cyber ​​​​Cyber ​​​​Cyber ​​​​Cyber ​​​​Cyber ​​​​Cyber ​​​​Cyber ​​​​Cyber ​​​​Cyber ​​​​Cyber ​​​​Cyber ​​​​Cyber ​​​​Cyber ​​​​Cyber ​​​​Cyber Cov kev tawm tsam no yuav mus tsis tau pom dua rau ntau xyoo kom txog thaum qhov kev coj ua raug cuam tshuam.

Txawm li cas los xij, nws tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tawm tsam cyber los ntawm kev ua ntau cov kauj ruam yooj yim. Phau ntawv qhia no yuav muab qee cov lus pom zoo cybersecurity uas koj tuaj yeem siv tam sim ntawd los tiv thaiv koj cov ntaub ntawv.

Dab tsi yog qhov kev hem thawj tshaj plaws rau kev kho hniav?

Raws li cov Lub koom haum Ponemon, hauv 2017 tus nqi nruab nrab ntawm kev ua txhaum cov ntaub ntawv yog $ 3.62 lab. Lub koom haum Ponemon tseem tshaj tawm tias kev lag luam kev noj qab haus huv tau ntsib ntau tshaj cyberattacks ntawm lwm yam kev lag luam. Kev kho hniav tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv rau cyberattacks thiab kev ua txhaum cov ntaub ntawv.

Qhov tseeb, kev tshawb fawb los ntawm cov Lub Chaw Pab Cuam Ntiag Tug pom tias xyoo 2021, tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv ua txhaum cai (1,862) tau nce ntau dua 68 feem pua ​​​​ntawm xyoo dhau los. Qhov no tau teeb tsa cov ntaub ntawv tshiab tshaj li yav dhau los tag nrho lub sijhawm siab sau tseg hauv 2017 (1506 kis). Ransomware-hais txog cybercrimes tau nce ob npaug rau xyoo tom ntej los ntawm 2020. Ntawm tus nqi txhua yam mus, ransomware tawm tsam yog npaj siab tshaj phishing uas yog thawj qhov ua rau cov ntaub ntawv ua txhaum cai hauv 2022.

Cov hauv qab no yog cov piv txwv ntawm cyber hem thawj rau kev kho hniav:

Email los ntawm malware

Kwv yees li 30% ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ua txhaum cai yog tshwm sim los ntawm email los ntawm malware. Hom malware no tuaj yeem rub tawm los ntawm lub vev xaib phishing thiab cov software phem tuaj yeem kis tau rau lub computer ntawm email txuas lossis txuas.

Phishing tawm tsam

Kev tawm tsam phishing, tseem hu ua "spear-phishing" nres, yog kev sim kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv rhiab xws li passwords, credit card naj npawb thiab tus lej cim tus kheej los ntawm kev xa email uas zoo li los ntawm qhov raug cai.

ransomware

Kev tawm tsam ransomware tau dhau los ua ntau dua nrog kev hem thawj ntawm cyber criminals tsom rau kev kho hniav. Cov kev tawm tsam no muaj feem cuam tshuam rau cov chaw ua haujlwm me me thiab cov kev coj ua uas tsis muaj cov thev naus laus zis thev naus laus zis, vim tias lawv tuaj yeem nyuaj rau kev txheeb xyuas thiab kho.

Spyware Malware

Qhov no tuaj yeem kis tau los ntawm USB flash drives thiab lwm yam xov xwm portable. Nws tuaj yeem ntsia tau los ntawm tus kab mob email txuas lossis txuas.

Kev phem browser extensions

Qhov siab phem browser txuas ntxiv no feem ntau yog ib hom adware uas zais qhov URL bar thiab hloov nws nrog kev tshaj tawm, hloov pauv, lossis lwm yam kev tshaj tawm tsis xav tau.

kab mob

Tus kab mob yog ib yam ntawm cov software phem uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau lub khoos phis tawj lossis cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los ntawm kev ua txhaum cov ntaub ntawv, kis thoob plaws lub network, lossis txawm tias los ntawm kev hloov kho lub operating system.

Cov cua nab

Tus kab mob yog ib hom malware uas nthuav tawm los ntawm kev rov ua dua nws tus kheej hla lwm lub khoos phis tawj hauv Is Taws Nem. Tus kab mob tuaj yeem sau tau los siv kev nyab xeeb qhov tsis zoo thiab nthuav tawm siv social engineering tactics, network exploitation techniques, lossis ntawm email.

Txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws rau koj txoj kev kho hniav kom tiv thaiv koj cov ntaub ntawv

Siv cov apps ruaj ntseg

Tsuas yog rub tawm thiab siv cov apps los ntawm cov khw muag khoom raug cai. Yog tias tsis xav tau ntxiv lawm, tshem tawm cov apps tag nrho.

Txij li thaum lub khw muag khoom app (Apple App Store lossis Google Play Store) cov ntawv thov tsawg kawg yog qee theem ntawm kev tswj hwm ua ntej lawv raug tso cai muab rau ntawd, qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev nyab xeeb muaj tsawg dua. 

Txawm li cas los xij, tsuas yog thauj cov apps rau hauv koj lub cuab yeej uas koj xav tau tiag tiag thiab tshem tawm tag nrho cov apps uas koj tsis xav tau tag nrho li sai tau.

Ib txwm nruab tam sim no app version

Ib txwm nruab qhov hloov tshiab tam sim kom tsis txhob muaj qhov tsis zoo.

Ib yam li cov kev khiav hauj lwm systems, cov kev hloov tshiab feem ntau muaj qhov tseeb kev ruaj ntseg thaj ua rau thaj ntxiv rau cov haujlwm tshiab, kom txhua qhov kev ruaj ntseg qhov khoob uas tau muaj ua ntej tuaj yeem raug kaw.

Ruaj ntseg cia ntawm cov ntaub ntawv app hauv zos

Tsuas yog siv cov apps uas encrypt cov ntaub ntawv thiab txuag lawv hauv zos.

Thov nco ntsoov tias yog tias ua tau, tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia hauv huab. Tsim cov thaub qab ntawm koj lub xov tooj ntawm tes thiab siv cov kev xaiv uas muaj los ntawm lub operating system los tsim cov ntaub ntawv encrypted thiab tsuas yog txuag lawv ntawm cov khoom siv uas nyob hauv koj tus kheej tswj. Tsis txhob siv cov thaub qab hauv huab, txawm tias lawv tau muab rau hauv daim ntawv encrypted.

Tsis txhob xa cov ntaub ntawv zais cia ntawm cov apps

Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov tsis xav tau tawm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tsis pub lwm tus paub, siv cov ntaub ntawv tiv thaiv qhov chaw uas txwv tsis pub nkag mus rau lwm cov ntaub ntawv rhiab ntawm lub smartphone (xws li nkag mus rau hauv phau ntawv chaw nyob thiab yog li tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia, duab. album, thiab lwm yam) tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv yuav tsum tsis txhob siv.

Qhov no kuj siv tau rau cov neeg xa xov xwm thiab social media apps, piv txwv li.

Tsis muaj huab cia ntawm tus kheej cov ntaub ntawv

Tsis siv cov huab cia ua ke hauv Office cov khoom siv khaws cia cov ntaub ntawv tus kheej.

Ntxiv dua thiab, tsis txhob siv huab cia. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum nws los txog rau tus kheej cov ntaub ntawv, cov ntaub ntawv no yuav tsum tsis txhob muab khaws cia rau hauv huab yam tsis muaj kev cai lij choj thiab cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb tau teev tseg rau ntawd.

Authentication rau web applications

Tsuas yog siv cov ntawv thov hauv Is Taws Nem uas nruj me ntsis ruaj ntseg rau koj nkag mus (nplooj ntawv nkag thiab txheej txheem, lo lus zais, tus neeg siv tus lej, thiab lwm yam).

Rau lub hom phiaj no, tsawg kawg yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv nrog tus ID nkag mus nrog tus neeg siv lub npe thiab tus password. Yog tias qhov no tau muab, lawv yuav tsum qhib qhov hu ua "ob-factor authentication", uas yuav tsum muaj kev ruaj ntseg thib ob ntxiv rau kev nkag mus rau tus password. Qhov no feem ntau yog tus lej PIN uas xa los ntawm ib qho app cais mus rau yav dhau los cov cuab yeej ntseeg siab (smartphone, ntsiav tshuaj, PC) lossis ua SMS rau tus lej xov tooj ntawm tes uas koj tau khaws cia yav dhau los.

Ib txoj hauv kev ruaj ntseg tshwj xeeb yog kev sau npe ntawm daim npav ntse (xws li e-tus kws kho hniav daim npav, ZOD daim npav, SMC-B), uas kuj sawv cev rau ob qhov kev lees paub tseeb, txij li ntawm ib sab tes muaj daim npav ntse tsim nyog thiab ntawm qhov tod tes. yuav tsum muaj tus PIN sib txuas.

Tsis txhob teeb tsa lossis tso cai nkag mus rau hauv lub vev xaib lossis hu rau lub vev xaib

Kev nkag mus rau Is Taws Nem yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab thiab tswj txhua lub sijhawm. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv tsis muaj xwm txheej tso cai downloaded daim ntawv thov los yog lwm yam kev siv mus rau lub web daim ntaub ntawv tau txais.

Tswj kev tso cai thiab nkag mus rau ib pab pawg neeg thiab ib tus neeg

Ua tib zoo saib xyuas kom meej cov haujlwm thaum sib koom cov folders hauv lub network. Muab cov folders nkaus xwb uas tsim nyog rau tib neeg lossis pab pawg thiab txwv tsis pub cov folders uas tau muab. Txiav txim siab seb txoj cai twg (nyeem, sau, rho tawm,…) tus neeg lossis pab pawg muaj.

Cov ntaub ntawv tshem tawm tau yuav tsum raug kuaj xyuas rau malware nrog cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv tshiab txhua zaus lawv siv.

Yog tias koj siv cov xov xwm tshem tawm xws li USB stick, xyuas lawv nrog cov software tiv thaiv kab mob hauv koj lub computer ua ntej siv txhua zaus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias lawv tau sib pauv ntawm cov tshuab sib txawv thiab ua ntej lawv dhau mus.

Ib txwm lwv cov ntaub ntawv nqa khoom ruaj ntseg thiab ua tiav tom qab siv. Koj lub computer muaj ntau yam kev xaiv rau qhov no

Nyob ntawm seb lub operating system siv, koj muaj ntau yam kev xaiv ntawm no. Nrog kev pab los ntawm cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb ntxiv, kev tshem tawm ntau dua uas yuav tsim nyog tuaj yeem ua tiav, vim tias "ib txwm" txheej txheem tshem tawm feem ntau tsis rho tawm cov ntaub ntawv nws tus kheej, tab sis tsuas yog siv rau nws, kom nws tsis tshwm sim ntxiv lawm. los ntawm qhov system. 

Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem rov qab sib piv tau yooj yim nrog qee qhov kev pabcuam dawb. Tsim nyog deletion cov kev pab cuam feem ntau overwrite cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum deleted ob peb zaug thiaj li hais tias nws yuav rov qab tsis tau tom qab.

Tsim nyog authentication yuav tsum tau siv rau kev tswj kev nkag mus rau lub network Cheebtsam thiab kev tswj cov ntaub ntawv

Cov khoom siv hauv lub network xws li firewalls, routers, keyboards, thiab lwm yam yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog kev tiv thaiv los ntawm kev ruaj ntseg passwords. Kev nkag mus rau cov khoom siv no thiab yog li mus rau kev teeb tsa lossis cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia yuav tsum tsis tuaj yeem ua tsis tau yog tsis muaj tus password lossis lwm yam kev lees paub ruaj ntseg.

Thaub qab thiab kev puas tsuaj rov qab los

Cov thaub qab thiab kev puas tsuaj rov qab yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ruaj ntseg. Cov ntaub ntawv thaub qab yuav tsum tau khaws cia hauv tsawg kawg yog ob lossis peb qhov chaw sib txawv. Tsis tsuas yog yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv backup tab sis kuj cov ntaub ntawv uas tau thaub qab, yog li koj tuaj yeem rov qab tau yog tias tsim nyog.

Kev ruaj ntseg cov cai thiab cov txheej txheem

Cov cai tswj kev nyab xeeb thiab cov txheej txheem yuav tsum piav qhia meej tias lub koom haum cov ntaub ntawv cov cuab tam raug tiv thaiv li cas. Cov cai thiab cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau sau tseg, pom zoo, thiab hloov kho yam tsawg kawg ib xyoos ib zaug.

Kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lub cev

Lub cev nkag mus rau lub tshuab computer yuav tsum tau tswj kom zoo. Txhua lub qhov rooj yuav tsum tau muab xauv, cov ntawv nkag thiab cov yuam sij yuav tsum tau siv, thiab txhua chav yuav tsum tau teeb pom kev zoo nrog lub teeb ntuj txaus kom pom cov ntaub ntawv.

Kev ruaj ntseg hluav taws xob

Txhua lub khoos phis tawj thiab cov kev pabcuam network yuav tsum muaj kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb tsim nyog. Txhua tus neeg siv yuav tsum siv lawv tus kheej lub npe nkag thiab tus password. Cov ntaub ntawv kev ruaj ntseg cov cai thiab cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv lub koom haum cov kev tswj hwm kev pheej hmoo tag nrho, suav nrog cov neeg siv khoom, kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lub cev, kev npaj ua lag luam txuas ntxiv, thiab kev rov qab los ntawm kev puas tsuaj.

xaus

Qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev ruaj ntseg hauv computer yog ua tiav los ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem rau kev ruaj ntseg cov ntaub ntawv. Txhua txheej muab cov txheej txheem sib txawv los xyuas kom meej tias cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem nkag mus thiab siv tau zoo, tab sis txhua txheej muaj nws tus kheej qhov tsis zoo.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub txog qhov tsis zoo no thiab siv cov kev tswj xyuas tsim nyog raws li qhia saum toj no. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom muaj txoj cai ruaj ntseg thiab zoo nyob rau hauv qhov chaw vim nws yuav pab tiv thaiv tag nrho cov cuab tam ntawm lub koom haum. Txoj cai ruaj ntseg zoo yuav pab tau kev kho hniav kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg thiab txhim khu kev qha hauv network.

Cov kws kho hniav yuav tsum ua raws li qhov tsim nyog ceev faj los tiv thaiv lawv cov kev kho hniav los ntawm kev ua txhaum cyber. Qhov no suav nrog kev siv cov passwords muaj zog, hloov kho software tsis tu ncua, thiab cob qhia cov neeg ua haujlwm txog kev coj ua zoo tshaj. Los ntawm kev ua raws li cov lus qhia hauv tsab xov xwm no, cov kws kho mob tuaj yeem pab txo qis lawv txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ua txhaum cyber thiab ua kom lawv cov neeg mob cov ntaub ntawv muaj kev nyab xeeb.