Record High Cases of Mouth Cancer in the UK

The United Kingdom has witnessed a significant rise in mouth cancer cases, reaching a record high of over 10,000 annual diagnoses. The latest findings, published in the “State of Mouth Cancer UK Report 2024” by the Oral Health Foundation, mark a staggering 133% increase in cases over the past two decades.

The report’s release coincides with November’s Mouth Cancer Action Month, highlighting the urgent need to address the growing prevalence of this potentially deadly disease.

A Growing Health Crisis

Dr Nigel Carter OBE, Chief Executive of the Oral Health Foundation, underscored the serious implications of the rising trend. “While many types of cancer are declining, mouth cancer continues to surge,” Dr Carter stated. He pointed to smoking and heavy alcohol consumption as the primary risk factors but also noted the increasing incidence of cases linked to the human papillomavirus (HPV).

“Mouth cancer can affect anyone, and the impact on a person’s life can be devastating,” added Dr Carter. He emphasized the necessity of raising awareness about the symptoms and the importance of early detection, as too many cases are being diagnosed at advanced stages. “This needs to change,” he stressed.

Demographics and Areas of Concern

The data reveals that men are disproportionately affected, with 66% of cases diagnosed in England involving male patients. Furthermore, individuals over the age of 50 account for over 90% of all cases, suggesting a higher risk in older populations.

Regarding the cancer’s location, nearly one-third (31%) of cases involve the tongue, while another significant portion (22%) affects the tonsils. Other frequently impacted areas include the lips, gums, cheeks, and the roof and floor of the mouth.

Symptoms and the Importance of Early Detection

Common symptoms of mouth cancer include persistent mouth ulcers lasting longer than two to three weeks, red or white patches in the mouth, and unusual lumps or swellings in the head, neck, or mouth.

Joe Butler, a 26-year-old from Sheffield, shared his experience of being diagnosed with mouth cancer after a recurring ulcer was detected by his dentist. “I went to the dentist for a regular check-up, and she saw that I had a scar from the ulcer,” Butler recalled. Despite initially dismissing the issue, a biopsy confirmed the diagnosis. “It’s a weird feeling finding out you have cancer,” he said. Butler now advises others to seek professional evaluation for any persistent symptoms, noting, “There is no harm in asking, ‘Do you mind having a quick look?’”

Rising Mortality and Late Diagnoses

The report estimates that 3,637 individuals in the UK lost their lives to mouth cancer last year, representing a 61% increase compared to a decade ago. A concerning statistic is that over half (52%) of mouth cancer cases are diagnosed at stages III and IV, when the disease is most advanced and treatment outcomes are less favorable.

Dr Carter highlighted systemic issues, noting the need for urgent reforms in NHS dental services. “The NHS dental contract and workforce shortages need to be addressed urgently,” he said. Dr Carter called on the government to take definitive action, emphasizing that timely access to dental care is not just about maintaining healthy teeth and gums but could be lifesaving.

Public Awareness and Preventive Measures

As part of efforts to increase public awareness during Mouth Cancer Action Month, the Oral Health Foundation has partnered with dental group PortmanDentex. The initiative aims to educate the public on identifying signs of mouth cancer early. PortmanDentex, which operates around 375 dental practices across the UK and Ireland, is providing guidance on self-examination techniques.

Dr Catherine Tannahill, Director of Clinician Engagement at PortmanDentex, highlighted the importance of regular self-checks. “Early diagnosis is critical in treating mouth cancer, yet we are still seeing cases being picked up far too late,” she warned.

Dr Tannahill advises individuals to examine their mouths regularly, using a magnifying mirror in a well-lit room. “Check the skin and lips for changes in colour and texture. Familiarise yourself with your neck, noting any lumps or bumps that are normal for you. Lumps lasting more than a week or two should be checked by a professional,” she explained.

A Call to Action

The report’s release underscores the need for heightened public awareness and improved access to dental care services. The Oral Health Foundation urges individuals to remain vigilant and seek professional evaluation for any unusual symptoms.

For more information on mouth cancer, its symptoms, and prevention strategies, visit www.mouthcancer.org.